ATYPICAL RESPONDERS LANDSCAPE REVIEW ∙ OCTOBER, 2017 12 shown to make a tumor exceptionally vulnerable to a drug, and a pathological explanation can be identified, other patients with the same aberration may benefit from the drug—even if their cancer types are different. In line with this concept, MSKCC and other scientists are also initiating basket trials in which small groups of patients with different cancers but the same molecular aberration are studied to look for benefits from one drug across cancer types [6]. MSKCC investigators are leveraging a comprehensive new genomic sequencing test called MSK-IMPACTTM that identifies “actionable”, targetable molecular aberrations in tumor tissue [7]. This test can be capitalized upon to inform physicians about treatments that match an individual patient with a specific drug that may benefit that patient, or identify patients that would be candidates for a basket trial. The MSK-IMPACTTM test is rapid, highly sensitive, and capable of analyzing 410 of the currently most important cancer genes [6]. An advantage of MSKCC’s efforts is the examination of molecular aberrations across different types of cancers relative to a therapeutic response. Limitations include the absence of a clear, quantifiable definition of exceptional responders, no examination of rapid progressors, and no investigation of lifestyle and other factors that may contribute to a therapeutic response. InVite Study (NCT01598597; 23andMe and Genentech). InVite was a retrospective study to gather self-reported, treatment-related outcomes and genetic data from up to 1,000 cancer patients who received Avastin® (bevacizumab) prior to 2013. The study collected patient questionnaires together with saliva and blood samples to analyze molecular and lifestyle factors relative to bevacizumab response. This study does not specifically define an atypical response, and it is confined exclusively to responses to bevacizumab. However, it appears to analyze lifestyle and other possible contributing factors. No published results could be located. Health of Women Study (NCT02334085). The Health of Women (HOW) Study, sponsored by the Dr. Susan Love Research Foundation, solicits surveys from women and men with all health statuses. Data collected include information about general health, personal and family health history, weight and exercise, environmental exposure, and quality of life (QOL) considerations including digestion, concentration, sex, and mental health. This study may also scrutinize long-term survivors of breast cancer to try to better understand their outcomes. Although not specifically aimed at studying atypical responses, long-term survivors of breast cancer may provide useful information relative to surviving the disease overall, and so attention should be paid to this possibility. A notable strength of this study is that data regarding a variety of lifestyle factors are being gathered.